Seventh Of March Speech

Daniel Webster was an American lawyer and statesman who represented New Hampshire and Massachusetts in the United States Congress. He also served as the 14th and 19th United States secretary of state under presidents William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, and Millard Fillmore. As one of the most prominent American lawyers of the 19th century, Webster argued over 200 cases before the United States Supreme Court during his career. Webster was a member of the Federalist Party, the National Republican Party, and the Whig Party. He was among the three members of the Great Triumvirate (a group of three men holding power) along with Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun.

Webster was born in Salisbury, New Hampshire, on January 18, 1782, to Abigail (née Eastman) and Ebenezer Webster, a farmer and local official who served in the French and Indian War and the American Revolutionary War. Ebenezer had three children from a previous marriage who survived to maturity, as well as five children from his marriage to Abigail. Webster was the second-youngest of the eight siblings. Webster established a successful legal practice in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, after graduating from Dartmouth College and serving a legal apprenticeship. A prominent opponent of the War of 1812, he won election to the United States House of Representatives, where he served as a leader of the Federalist Party. Webster left office after two terms and moved to Boston, Massachusetts. He became a leading attorney before the U.S. Supreme Court, winning cases such as Dartmouth College v. Woodward, McCulloch v. Maryland, and Gibbons v. Ogden.

While he was an excellent attorney, perhaps the biggest thing he is remembered for is the Seventh of March speech. On March 7, 1850, Senator Daniel Webster delivered his Seventh of March speech, where he endorsed the Compromise of 1850 aimed at preventing a civil war. This speech was significant as it sought to unite the nation during a time of deep division over slavery and territorial expansion. Webster’s efforts to persuade the Senate to support compromise measures were ultimately unsuccessful, which also lead to his political downfall in New England, because many people viewed his stance as a betrayal of the antislavery movement.

By early 1852, Webster was suffering from cirrhosis of the liver, and his poor health increasingly made it difficult for him to serve as secretary of state. In September 1852, Webster returned to his Marshfield estate. His health continued to decline due to cirrhosis and a subdural hematoma. He died in Marshfield, Massachusetts on October 24, 1852, at the age of 70, and is buried in Winslow Cemetery near his estate. His last words were, “I still live.”